Helix: Rust 编写的后 Vim 时代编辑器¶

Vim 方式:  d  →  w        (先说"删除"，再说"一个词") — 操作是盲的
Helix 方式: w  →  d        (先选中一个词，看到高亮，再删除) — 所见即所得

         ┌─────────┐
    i  ──│ Insert  │── Esc
    a    │  模式   │
    o    └─────────┘
         ┌─────────┐
  ──────│ Normal  │──────
         │  模式   │
  ──────│ (默认)  │──────
         └─────────┘
    v  ──┌─────────┐
         │ Select  │── Esc
         │  模式   │
         └─────────┘
    g  ──┌─────────┐── 按键后自动返回
         │  Goto   │
         └─────────┘
   空格──┌─────────┐── 按键后自动返回
         │ Space   │
         └─────────┘

brew install helix

# Arch Linux
pacman -S helix

# Ubuntu/Debian (通过 PPA 或 snap)
sudo snap install helix --classic

# 或者通过 AppImage
# 从 https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/releases 下载

# 通过 Cargo (Rust 包管理器)
cargo install --locked helix-term

git clone https://github.com/helix-editor/helix.git
cd helix
cargo install --locked --path helix-term
# 链接运行时文件
ln -s $(pwd)/runtime ~/.config/helix/runtime

# Rust
rustup component add rust-analyzer

# Go
go install golang.org/x/tools/gopls@latest

# Python
pip install pyright
# 或
pip install python-lsp-server

# TypeScript/JavaScript
npm install -g typescript-language-server typescript

# C/C++
# Ubuntu
sudo apt install clangd
# macOS
brew install llvm

# Markdown
brew install marksman

hx --health
# 或查看特定语言
hx --health go
hx --health python

# ~/.config/helix/config.toml

theme = "catppuccin_mocha"

[editor]
line-number = "relative"
mouse = true
bufferline = "multiple"
color-modes = true
true-color = true
rulers = [80, 120]
idle-timeout = 0
completion-timeout = 5

[editor.cursor-shape]
insert = "bar"
normal = "block"
select = "underline"

[editor.file-picker]
hidden = false
git-ignore = true

[editor.lsp]
display-messages = true
display-inlay-hints = true

[editor.indent-guides]
render = true
character = "│"

[editor.statusline]
left = ["mode", "spinner", "file-name", "file-modification-indicator"]
center = ["diagnostics"]
right = ["selections", "position", "file-encoding", "file-line-ending", "file-type"]

[editor.whitespace.render]
tab = "all"
newline = "none"

[editor.soft-wrap]
enable = true

# ~/.config/helix/config.toml (续)

[keys.normal]
C-s = ":write"
C-q = ":quit"
A-x = "extend_to_line_bounds"
X = ["extend_line_up", "extend_to_line_bounds"]

[keys.normal.space]
w = ":write"
q = ":quit"
f = "file_picker"
b = "buffer_picker"
g = "global_search"

[keys.insert]
C-s = ":write"
j = { k = "normal_mode" }  # jk 退出插入模式

# ~/.config/helix/languages.toml

[[language]]
name = "python"
auto-format = true
formatter = { command = "black", args = ["-", "--quiet"] }

[[language]]
name = "rust"
auto-format = true

[[language]]
name = "go"
auto-format = true
formatter = { command = "goimports" }

[[language]]
name = "typescript"
auto-format = true
formatter = { command = "prettier", args = ["--parser", "typescript"] }

# 打开单个文件
hx main.go

# 打开多个文件
hx src/main.rs src/lib.rs

# 打开目录（进入文件选择器）
hx .

w    → 选中下一个词
d    → 删除选中内容
c    → 删除选中内容并进入插入模式
y    → 复制选中内容
p    → 粘贴

# 典型操作流程
w d        → 选中一个词，删除它
2w d       → 选中两个词，删除它们
v jjj d    → 进入选择模式，扩选三行，删除

# 光标在 "hello" 上
print("hello world")

# Alt+o → 选中 "hello world" (字符串内容)
# Alt+o → 选中 "hello world" (含引号)
# Alt+o → 选中 print("hello world") (函数调用)
# Alt+o → 选中整个语句

# 实际操作：批量重命名变量
1. w 选中一个词
2. * 选中文件中所有相同词（或 s 在选区内匹配）
3. c 删除并进入插入模式
4. 输入新名字
5. Esc 完成

Q    → 开始/停止录制宏
q    → 回放宏
5q   → 回放宏 5 次

# 在 config.toml 中添加
[keys.normal.space]
t = ":sh tmux split-window -h"

# languages.toml 中配置调试器
[[language]]
name = "go"
debugger = { name = "dlv", transport = "tcp", command = "dlv", args = ["dap"] }

[[language]]
name = "rust"
debugger = { name = "lldb-vscode", transport = "stdio", command = "lldb-vscode" }

# 检查
which gopls
which pyright

# 再次验证
hx --health python